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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in infants presenting mainly with gastrointestinal symptoms.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 280 hospitalized infants, who were diagnosed with CMPA presenting mainly with gastrointestinal symptoms.@*RESULTS@#Among the 280 infants, 203 infants(72.5%) were aged of less than 6 months. Major manifestations included diarrhea in 171 infants (61.1%), hematochezia in 149 infants (53.2%), vomiting in 71 infants (25.4%), eczema in 57 infants (20.4%), malnutrition in 42 infants (15%) and constipation in 13 infants (4.6%). Of the 280 infants, 258 (92.1%) had mild-to-moderate CMPA and 22 (7.9%) had severe CMPA. Compared with the mild-to-moderate CMPA group, the severe CMPA group had a significantly higher incidence rate of malnutrition (50.0% vs 12.0%) and a significantly lower incidence rate of hematochezia (22.7% vs 55.8%). The breastfeeding CMPA group had significantly lower incidence rates of malnutrition (10.3% vs 24.6%) and severe CMPA (4.4% vs 18.0%) than the artificial feeding CMPA group, and the artificial feeding CMPA group had a significantly lower incidence rate of hematochezia than the breastfeeding and mixed feeding CMPA groups (37.7% vs 56.6%/59.0%).@*CONCLUSIONS@#CMPA presenting mainly with gastrointestinal symptoms is more common in infants aged of less than 6 months. Diarrhea and hematochezia are the most common manifestations at the time of onset. Most infants have mild-to-moderate allergy. Compared with breastfeeding, artificial feeding is more likely to cause malnutrition and severe CMPA.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Female , Humans , Infant , Breast Feeding , Milk Hypersensitivity , Milk Proteins , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) intervention on learning-memory ability and the expression of senile plaques (SP), amyloid precursor protein (APP), β-secretase 1(BACE 1) and insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) in the hippocampus in APP/presenilin 1 (PS 1) double transgenic Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice, so as to reveal its mechanisms underlying improvement of AD. METHODS: A total of 18 male APP/PS 1 double transgenic AD mice were randomly divided into model, EA-2-week and EA-3-week groups (n=6 in each). The control group was consisted of 6 male wild mice. EA (2 Hz, 2 mA) was applied to "Baihui" (GV 20) and bilateral "Shenshu" (BL 23) for 15 min, once a day, with 7 days being a therapeutic course, 2 or 3 courses altogether and with an one day's interval between every two courses. The spatial learning-memory ability was assessed using Morris water maze test during 5 days' training. The immunoactivity of SP in the hippocampus tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the expression levels of APP, BACE 1 and IDE in the hippocampus were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS: Following modeling, the escape latency and path length of hidden platform tests were significantly increased (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the platform crossing time of spatial probing test significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the model group compared with the control group. After EA intervention, the escape latency on the 5th day of training, and the path length on the 4th and 5th day of training in both EA-2-week and EA-3-week groups were significantly shorter relevant to the model group (P<0.01), and those of the EA-3-week group were considerably shorter than those of the EA-2-week group in the escape latency and path length (P<0.05, P<0.01). The platform crossing times of spatial probing test were significanthy increased in both EA-2-week and EA-3-week groups in comparison with the model group (P<0.01), and that of the EA-3-week group was considerably increased compared with the EA-2-week group (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed that the number of SP in the hippocampus was markedly increased in the model group compared with the control group (P<0.01), and was markedly reduced in both EA-2-week and EA-3-week groups (P<0.01), and that of the EA-3-week group was significantly decreased compared with the EA-2-week group (P<0.01). The expression levels of hippocampal APP and BACE 1 proteins were significantly higher in the model group than in the control group (P<0.01), and that of hippocampal IDE was markedly lower in the model group than in the control group (P<0.01). After EA, the increased expression levels of APP and BACE 1 proteins and the decreased expression level of IDE in the EA-2-week and EA-3-week groups were significantly inhibited (P<0.01). The effects of EA-3-week were significantly stronger than those of EA-2-week in down-regulating the expression of APP and BACE 1 proteins and up-regulating the expression of IDE (P<0.01, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: EA stimulation of GV 20 and BL 23 can improve the learning-memory ability in APP/PS 1 double transgenic AD mice, which may be related to its effects in down-regulating the expression of SP, APP and BACE 1 proteins and up-regulating the expression of IDE protein in the hippocampus.
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Objective To obtain biomechanical conditions of the tibia section with different osteotomy thickness under different activity states, so as to provide theoretical basis for osteotomy thickness in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and activities of patients after operation. Methods The three-dimensional models of the lower limb were reconstructed and the proximal tibia was resected by 0 mm,5 mm,7 mm,9 mm respectively based on the principle of bone resection in TKA. The tibia model after osteotomy were assigned the material properties and the stress and strain of the tibia cross-section were analyzed under the following activity states: standing, walking, running and going upstairs. Results The stress and displacement of the tibia cross-section increased with the increase in osteotomy thickness under the same activity state. The maximum stress and displacement of tibia cross-section increased in general with the same osteotomy thickness, when the strength of activity increased. Conclusions During TKA in clinic, the stress and strain on tibia cross-section became larger as the tibia osteotomy became thicker and the postoperative activity became stronger. Excessive osteotomy in TKA and high intensive activity after TKA should be avoided, so as to reduce stress and strain of the tibia plateau and promote long-term life of the prosthesis.
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Objective To obtain different biomechanical conditions of the tibia section with different osteotomy thickness under different activity states,so as to provide theoretical basis for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and patient activities after operation.Methods The three-dimensional models of lower limb were reconstructed and the proximal tibia was resect by 0 mm,5 mm,7 mm,9 mm,respectively,based on the principle of bone resection in TKA.The tibia models after osteotomy were assigned with the material properties,and the stress and strain of the tibia cross-section were then analyzed under the following activity states:standing,walking,running and climbing upstairs.Results The stress and displacement of the tibia cross-section increased with the increase of osteotomy thickness under the same activity state.The maximum stress and displacement of tibia cross-section with the same osteotomy thickness showed an increasing trend when the strength of activity increased.Conclusions For TKA in clinic,the stress and strain on tibia cross-section become larger with the thicker tibia osteotomy and the stronger postoperative activity.Excessive osteotomy in TKA and activity too intensively after TKA should be avoided,so as to reduce stress and strain of the tibia plateau and promote long-term life of the prosthesis.
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Objective To obtain different biomechanical conditions of the tibia section with different osteotomy thickness under different activity states,so as to provide theoretical basis for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and patient activities after operation.Methods The three-dimensional models of lower limb were reconstructed and the proximal tibia was resect by 0 mm,5 mm,7 mm,9 mm,respectively,based on the principle of bone resection in TKA.The tibia models after osteotomy were assigned with the material properties,and the stress and strain of the tibia cross-section were then analyzed under the following activity states:standing,walking,running and climbing upstairs.Results The stress and displacement of the tibia cross-section increased with the increase of osteotomy thickness under the same activity state.The maximum stress and displacement of tibia cross-section with the same osteotomy thickness showed an increasing trend when the strength of activity increased.Conclusions For TKA in clinic,the stress and strain on tibia cross-section become larger with the thicker tibia osteotomy and the stronger postoperative activity.Excessive osteotomy in TKA and activity too intensively after TKA should be avoided,so as to reduce stress and strain of the tibia plateau and promote long-term life of the prosthesis.
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Objective To observe the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α (HIF-1α) in rat brain after hypoxia-ischemia(HI),and to explore the possible mechanism of L-thyroxine (L-T4) on HIF-1α expression.Methods Sixty-four postnatal 7-day Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:the sham operation group,HI group,menstruum-treated group and L-T4-treated group.HIBD models were generated according to Rice model method.The rats in menstruum-treated group and L-T4-treated group were respectively administrated of intraperitoneal injection of menstruum with the equal volume and 2 μg/100g L-T4,once a day,for 5 days.The expressions of HIF-1α and phospho-protein kinase B(p-Akt) protein were detected by means of immunohistochemistry.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the level of HIF-1α mRNA.Results The levels of p-Akt protein(50.168 ±4.259),HIF-1α protein (72.795 ±6.121) and HIF-1α mRNA (0.448 ± 0.035) were upregulated compared with those in the sham operation group (8.080 ±0.369,38.581 ± 2.846,0.174 ± 0.015),and the differences were significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The levels of p-Akt protein (82.765 ± 6.271),HIF-1 α protein (117.350 ± 9.374) and HIF-1 α mRNA (0.618 ± 0.042) in L-T4-treated group were higher than those in HI group,and the differences were significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The level of HIF-1 α protein was positively correlated with p-Akt protein in HI group and L-T4-treated group [r(HI) =0.635,P=0.048;r(L-T4) =0.694,P=0.026].Conclusions L-T4 can upregulate HIF-1α mRNA and protein expression in neonatal rats with hypoxia-ischemia brain damage.Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway may be involved in L-T4 upregulating HIF-1α mRNA and protein expression.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the therapeutic effect of crescent flap with skin-grafting for the correction of cryptotia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between the helix and scalp, we designed a crescent flap with the pedicle above the helix. Another affiliated triangular flap was formed below the crescent flap. Skin-grafting was performed after the transposition of two flaps.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From Jan. 2008 to Mar. 2013, 16 cases with cryptotia (19 ears) were treated by this method. The ears were re-positioned to normal location with auriculocephalic sulcus. No vascular crisis was happened. The patients were followed-up for 3 months to 2 years with satisfactory result and no recurrence.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This method of crescent flap with skin-grafting is suitable for cryptotia at any grade. It is designed brilliantly with no inconspicuous scar.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Ear, External , Congenital Abnormalities , General Surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Methods , Skin Transplantation , Methods , Surgical FlapsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen for abnormal methylation in CpG islands and CpG sites through whole genome of congenital microtia to identify their associated genes. To discuss the relationship between abnormal methylation level of genes and the etiology of congenital microtia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Residual ear cartilage of 50 patients with microtia was collected with ear cartilage of 34 patients without ear malformations as control. Nimblegen CpG promoter array was chosen to screen the 28,226 CpG islands in the whole genome of both experimental and control groups. The genes with differential methylated CpG islands were selected. SpectroCHIP array was chosen to detect the methylation level of each CpG site in abnormal methyletion CpG islands of both experimental and control groups. The CpG sites with differential methylation level were selected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 36 CpG islands with differential methylated level in whole genome between experimental group and control group, among which 29 CpG islands were connected with 29 named genes. In the abnormal methylated CpG islands of COL18A1, MYH14, RBMY1A1 and ZIC3, 6 differentially methylated CpG sites were found with statistical significance. The methylation level of these 6 CpG sites in experimental group and control group were COL18A1_2_CpG_170.9783 +/- 0.0235 and 0.9526 +/- 0.0589; MYH14_CpG_170.9600 +/- 0.0414 and 0.9284 +/- 0.0655; RBMY1A1_1_CpG_3.40.9966 +/- 0.0055 and 0.9914 +/- 0.0069; RBMY1A1_1_CpG_130.9648 +/- 0.0118 and 0.9757 +/- 0.0127; ZIC3_3_CpG_150.0867 +/- 0.0212 and 0.0543 +/- 0.0399; ZIC3_2_CpG_270.3775 +/- 0.1816 and 0.472 3 +/- 0.0439.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The DNA methylation profile of the entire genome is initially established. The abnormal methylated CpG islands of COL18A1, MYH14, RBMY1A1 and ZIC3 might be related to the pathogenesis of microtia.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Base Sequence , Cartilage , Case-Control Studies , Congenital Microtia , Genetics , CpG Islands , Genetics , DNA Methylation , Promoter Regions, GeneticABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize the principles of ear reconstruction after rupture of postauricular expanded flap.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The rupture of the postauricular expanded flap was graded as I-IV degree. For flap rupture of I and II degree, the ear reconstruction was performed immediately with autogenous cartilage framework. For flap rupture of III degree, topical and systemic treatment should be done to relieve the redness and swelling. Then the ear reconstruction was performed. For flap rupture of IV degree, the expanded postauricular flap was smoothened. Ear reconstruction was performed 3 months later.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 67 cases with flap rupture, including 43 cases as I and II degree, 17 cases as III degree and 7 cases as IV degree. Ear reconstruction with autogenous cartilage framework was performed in 43 cases, with Medpor framework in 17 cases. Flap smoothing and secondary ear reconstruction with autogenous cartilage framework was performed in 7 cases. The results were satisfactory with complications in 4 cases (7%), which resolved after treatment. Primary healing was achieved in all the patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Good result could be achieved in ear reconstruction, even after flap rupture. Proper treatment should be adopted according to the rupture degree.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Cartilage , Transplantation , Ear, External , General Surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Ribs , Transplantation , Surgical Flaps , Tissue ExpansionABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of the flexible surgical approaches on therapeutic and cosmetic outcomes of facial nevi.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From August 2002 to January 2008, 16 cases with facial nevi had been treated in our wards with the selected approaches. Surgical approaches including serial excision or one-time radical excision, free skin graft, and expanded flap were adopted in accordance with the individual size and location of the facial nevi.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All cases experienced complete excision and had satisfactory cosmetic appearance in the end.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The flexible surgical measures help to minimize the risk of malignant transformation and achieve good cosmetic results.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Young Adult , Face , Pathology , General Surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms , General Surgery , Nevus, Pigmented , Pathology , General Surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Methods , Skin Transplantation , Surgical Flaps , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the fabrication and application of three-dimensional autogenous cartilage framework in auricular reconstruction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The process of fabrication of three-dimensional cartilage framework consisted of cartilage harvesting, carving and assembling the cartilage. The rib cartilage was harvested separately. The three-dimensional framework was composed of three main parts:the helix, the base and the pad, at different layer. The framework was fabricated according to the development of rib cartilage and contour and height of the reconstructed ear.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From January 1992 to December 2006, 5,248 patients of microtia were treated with 6,252 autogenous cartilage frameworks.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The three-dimensional framework is easily manipulated. The reconstructed ears look natural and had an erect contour. This method can effectively use the cartilage.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Braces , Cartilage , Transplantation , Ear, External , General Surgery , Graft Survival , Prosthesis Design , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Methods , Ribs , Transplantation , Skin Transplantation , Surgical Flaps , Suture Techniques , Transplantation, AutologousABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the application of the remnant in repairing the reconstructed ear in microtia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From October 2000 to July 2006, 1,823 patients with reconstructed ear underwent the second operation for repairing. The remnants were used to reconstruct tragus, antitragus, crus of helix, concha cavum, or relax the adhesion between the reconstructed auricle and cranio wall, or insert into the reconstructed lobule or under the basement of the costal cartilage frame to restore the cranio-auricular angle or to the preauricular subcutaneous to correct the facial local depression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 1,823 cases, the tragus, antitragus and concha cavum was reconstructeded by remnant auricle in 1,180 cases; helix crus was repaired by remnant auricle in 743 cases; the wound was repaired by remnant auricle flap resulted from relaxing the adhesion between the reconstructed auricle and cranial wall in 68 cases; Subcutaneous and cartilage flap was formed and transferred in 95 cases, and among them the flap was transferred under the basement of the frame to restore the cranio-auricular angle in 77 cases and was transferred to the preauricular subcutaneous to correct the facial local depression in 18 cases; the skin flap was formed by remnant auricle to repair the lobule in 37 cases. All flaps survived completely. The appearance of reconstructed ear was satisfied.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The remnant is very useful in repairing the reconstructed ear in microtia. It should be preserved propriately in auricular reconstruction.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Cartilage , Transplantation , Ear , Congenital Abnormalities , General Surgery , Ear, External , Congenital Abnormalities , General Surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Methods , Ribs , Transplantation , Surgical Flaps , Suture TechniquesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the application of tissue expander in ear reconstruction and to deal with the complications.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>50 ml kidney-shape tissue expanders were implanted subcutaneously in the mastoid area. The drainage tube was removed 3 days after operation. The suture was removed 10 days later. Since 7 days after operation, 5 ml NS was injected into the expander every time, three times a week. The total injection volume was about 60 ml. After that, the expander was maintained for one month.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From January 1992 to December 2006, 5,248 patients of microtia were treated with 6,252 expander. After the maintaining period, the expanded skin was thin and well-vascularized. The complication rate was 7.79%, including hematoma, malunion and infection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The quantitative tissue expansion is easily manipulated with few complications. It can provide hairless, thin skin with reliable blood supply for ear reconstruction.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Ear, External , Congenital Abnormalities , General Surgery , Postoperative Complications , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Methods , Skin Transplantation , Surgical Flaps , Tissue Expansion , Methods , Tissue Expansion DevicesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the methylation of CpG islands in promoter of eye absent gene 1 (EYA1) in microtia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The methylation of CpG islands in EYA1 gene in 64 microtias and 36 healthy controls were measured using the technique of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The methylation of CpG_Unit3 and CpG_Unit5 of EYA1 gene in microtia were 0.09258 +/- 0.033846 and 0.0922 +/- 0.02379, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in control.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Hypomethylation in microtia may be related to the pathogenesis of the disease.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , CpG Islands , DNA Methylation , Ear , Congenital Abnormalities , Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins , Genetics , Nuclear Proteins , Genetics , Promoter Regions, Genetic , Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases , Genetics , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the age-related change in biomechanical properties of the costal cartilage and its relevance to the timing of ear reconstruction with costal cartilage framework.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The patients of 5 to 25 years old were divided into three groups according to their age. The biomechanical properties of costal cartilage harvested from these patients during ear reconstruction were tested, including stree-strain relationship, stress relaxation and creep, tensile strength. All the results were analyzed statistically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The costal cartilage from children group had the best biomechanical properties, while the costal cartilage from the adolescent group had the worst. The difference had a statistically significance (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The biomechanical properties of costal cartilage are age-related. So it is recommended that ear reconstruction with costal cartilage framework should be performed in childhood when the costal cartilage has the best biomechanical properties.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Age Factors , Cartilage , Physiology , Transplantation , Ear Auricle , General Surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Methods , Ribs , Physiology , Transplantation , Stress, MechanicalABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the chest contour deformities after harvesting of costal cartilage for total ear reconstruction, so as to prevent donor site morbidity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>107 cases of microtia who underwent ear reconstruction with costal cartilage during the period from 1994 to 2003, were retrospectively studied. Both the chest depression deformity and the costal arch deformity were evaluated. The possible related factors to the chest contour deformities were analyzed statistically with Stata software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The incidence of chest depression was 54.55% (48/88), including 35 cases of mild depression (39.77%) and 13 cases of severe depression (14.77% ). The incidence of costal arch deformity was 52.77% (46/88), including 33 cases of mild deformity (37.50%) and 13 cases of severe deformity (14.77%). The incidence of both deformities was significantly different at different age (P < 0.01), but not at different follow-up period (P = 0.294 and P = 0.225, respectively). Gender was related to the incidence of chest depression (P < 0.01), but not to the costal arch contour deformity (P = 0.619). Comparing resection of the 6th and 7th rib cartilage with resection of 7th and 8th rib cartilage, the incidence of costal arch deformity was significantly different (P < 0.01), but the incidence of depression deformity was not (P = 0.657).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The incidence of chest deformities increases with early operation time (< 13 years old). The male patients have higher incidence of depression deformity than female. The arch deformity is higher when the 6th and 7th rib cartilage were resected. The follow-up period is not related to the chest deformities.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Ear, External , General Surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Postoperative Complications , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Retrospective Studies , Ribs , Congenital Abnormalities , Transplantation , Sex Factors , Thorax , Congenital AbnormalitiesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the difference of histologic examination and type II collagen expression in the rib cartilage of patients at different age.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The patients were divided into three groups, as children group (5 to 10 years old), teenager group (11 to 17 years old), and adult group (18 to 29 years old). Histologic examination of rib cartilage and quantitative analysis of type II collagen with immunohistochemical stain were carried out in the three groups. Motic Med 6.0 A system was used to quantitate immunohistochemical image through measurement of mean photodensity. The results were statistically analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the three groups, the children's rib cartilage had the most blood vessels, the most chondrocytes, well-distributed stain of matrixes, and the type II collagen was expressed actively and highest in photodensity. The rib cartilage of teenager group had less blood vessels, unhomogeny distributed stain of matrixes, the enlarged and separated cartilage lacunae. The rib cartilage in adult group showed the least blood vessels, the least chondrocytes, the hyalinization of perichondrium, the most deposition of calcium salt, and the type II collagen was expressed at the lowest level in photodensity. Statistical analysis showed significant differences among the three groups (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Histologic structure in human rib cartilage changes during the aging process and the type II collagen is decreased with the increase of age.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Aging , Physiology , Chondrocytes , Metabolism , Collagen Type II , Metabolism , Ribs , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore surgical procedure for the treatment of acquired ear defect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The ear reconstruction was carried out by using soft tissue skin expander and autogenous rib cartilage framework, Medpor framework, auricular prosthesis, and so on.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The long-term follow-ups showed that the flap of reconstructed ear was ruddy, soft, with normal sensory function. The cartilage framework had no degeneration, absorption and deformation. The Medpor framework had no deformation. The contour of auricular prosthesis was vivid and the implant system was stable. In addition, the reconstructed ears were coincidence with the normal side on location, form and dimension.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It may be a major method for traumatic ear reconstruction that the soft tissue skin expander with autogenous rib cartilage framework could be applied at present time. In some special circumstances, the soft tissue skin expander with Medpor framework and auricular prosthesis may be other helpful choices.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Ear Auricle , Congenital Abnormalities , Ear Deformities, Acquired , General Surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Methods , Tissue Expansion , Methods , Tissue Expansion DevicesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical result of the frontalis muscle fascial flap passing through the pulley of orbital septum for correction of severe blepharoptosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>57 eyes in 52 cases with congenital severe blepharoptosis were treated in recent two years. After the frontalis muscle fascial flap was prepared beneath the orbicularis oculi muscle, the pulley was created by two parallel horizontal incision on the orbital septum at the upper orbital rim and 1 cm under the upper rim. The frontalis muscle fascial flap was then pulled down behind the pulley and out to be attached to the upper margin of tarsal plate.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The following-up period was 3-6 months. Satisfactory cosmetic result was achieved in 52 eyes. Three eyes had ptosis relapse and 2 eyes had unnatural contour of the palpebral margin which required another corrective operation. No other complication was observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The pulley created by the orbital septum makes the traction lines of the frontalis muscle fascial flap in a similar direction as the natural movement of levator muscle. So both the postoperative static and dynamic appearance of the upper lid is more natural. The technique is very practicable in correction of blepharoptosis.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Blepharoplasty , Methods , Blepharoptosis , General Surgery , Facial Muscles , General Surgery , Forehead , Surgical FlapsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore surgical procedure of congenital microtia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ear reconstruction was made using soft tissue skin expander and autogenous rib cartilage framework.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Long time follow-up showed that the flap of reconstructed ear was ruddy, soft, with normal sensory function; cartilage framework had no degeneration, absorption and deformation. In addition, the reconstructed ears were coincidence with the normal side on location, form and dimension.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It was a good method for congenital microtia to use soft tissue skin expander together with autogenous rib cartilage framework at present time.</p>